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24-10-generator.html
24.10. The generatorCars equip with alternating current generators. Depending on model and the electric equipment established on the car generators of various capacity can be established. At installation of an additional electric equipment check up, that capacities of the generator was enough for a food of the new consumer.
The generator drive is carried out поликлиновым by a belt from a cranked shaft of the engine.
The generator represents the three-phase synchronous electric car with electromagnetic excitation. For transformation of an alternating current in constant the rectifier is built in the generator on diodes. Pressure is regulated by the built in microelectronic regulator of pressure.
At work of the generator the electric current proceeding on a winding of excitation, creates a magnetic field round poles of a rotor. At rotor rotation under coils статора alternately pass rotor poles, the magnetic stream varies on size and a direction and creates in a winding статора electromotive power.
At high frequency of rotation of a rotor of the generator when pressure of the generator becomes more than 13,6–14,6 In, the pressure regulator is locked also a current through a winding of excitation does not pass. Pressure of the generator falls, the regulator opens and again passes a current through an excitation winding. The above frequency of rotation of a rotor of the generator, the is more time of a closed condition of a regulator, hence, that pressure on a generator exit more strongly decreases. Process of lock-out and regulator unlocking occurs to high frequency, therefore pressure fluctuations on a generator exit are not appreciable, and it is almost possible to consider to its constants supported at level of 13,6-14,6 Century
At generator checks, and also at car operation it is necessary to observe a number of simple rules not to put the generator out of action:
– Do not suppose work of the generator with the disconnected storage battery. At work of the generator with the disconnected battery in an onboard network of the car pressure raises at switching-off of any consumers of the electric power that leads to failure of the electronic equipment of the car, including a regulator of pressure and выпрямительного the generator block;
– Do not check working capacity of the generator on "spark" even short-term connection плюсового a conclusion of the generator with "weight". Thus through выпрямительный the block proceeds a current of the big force and diodes are damaged. To check pressure of the generator it is possible only the voltmeter;
– "The minus" plug of the storage battery always should incorporate to "weight" of the car, and плюсовая with a generator conclusion. Wrong (return) connection of the battery вызывет sharp increase of the current passing through diodes of the generator, and they will fail;
– Do not check diodes pressure more than 12 In or мегомметром as it has too high pressure for diodes. In this case at check diodes will be punched (there will be a short circuit). At check of isolation of electroconducting мегомметром disconnect all wires from the generator;
– It is necessary to disconnect all wires from the generator and the storage battery at electric welding of knots and body details;
– Check chains and knots of an electric equipment and eliminate malfunctions at the idle engine and the disconnected storage battery.
Before generator removal disconnect the storage battery, preliminary having found out, whether there is at you a code of inclusion of a radio receiver.
Switch off ignition and disconnect a wire of "weight" from the storage battery.
After generator installation connect "a weight" wire to the storage battery.
Lift glasses electric glass lifts upwards against the stop. Then press all switches стеклоподъемника once again, at least for 1 second, in position of closing for activation of the block of management glass lifts.
Establish time for hours.
Six-cylinder petrol engines
Removal
Release clamps and remove the bottom mudguard of a motor compartment.
Disconnect and remove a generator air line.
Unscrew nuts and disconnect wires from conclusions 30/B + and D + the generator (fig. 18–12).
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Fig. 18–12. An arrangement of conclusions of the generator on six-cylinder petrol engines
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Fig. 18–13. An arrangement of forward air lines
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Fig. 18–14. An arrangement of a clamp (1) casings and a direction поворачивания for removal of the electric fan of a radiator
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For removal of the electric fan of a radiator disconnect from the fan an electric socket, take a casing clamp, turn a casing in an arrow direction (fig. 18–14) and remove the fan.
Turn away screws and remove a casing semi wedge a belt.
Chalk, marker or paint note a rotation direction semi wedge a belt. If at installation полиwedge the belt rotates in other party, it will lead to its destruction.
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Fig. 18–15. Tension easing semi wedge a belt: 1 and 2 – installation sites of pins for fixing of the mechanism of a tension. By an arrow the rotation direction шестигранного a key for tension reduction semi wedge a belt is shown.
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Face шестигранным a key on 10 mm loosen the a tension semi wedge a belt for what turn the tension mechanism clockwise before combination of apertures (fig. 18–15).
Fix the tension mechanism in this position, having inserted into an aperture a steel core in diameter of 5 mm.
Remove полиwedge a belt from a generator pulley.
Merge cooling liquid from cooling system.
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Fig. 18–16. An arrangement of collars of fastening of hoses of system of cooling
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Loosen the collars, disconnect hoses of system of cooling and move them aside (fig. 18–16).
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Fig. 18–17. Elements of fastening of the generator on cars with six-cylinder petrol engines: 1 – a nut, 45 Нм; 2 – a bolt; 3 – a bolt, 22 Нм; 4 – the generator
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Unscrew a nut of the top fastening of the generator, keeping a bolt from проворачивания (fig. 18–17). Take the top bolt of fastening of the generator.
Unscrew a bolt of the bottom fastening of the generator 3 and remove the generator.
Installation
Installation is spent to sequences, return to removal, taking into account the following.
Check up correctness of an arrangement semi wedge a belt on pulleys.
Tighten the bottom bolt of fastening of the generator the moment 22 Нм.
Tighten a nut of fastening of the generator the moment 45 Нм.
Tighten nuts of fastening of wires to a conclusion 30/B + the moment 16 Нм, to a conclusion D + – the moment 4 Нм.
Six-cylinder diesel engines
Removal
Turn away screws and remove the bottom mudguard of a motor compartment.
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Fig. 18–18. A tension semi wedge a belt of the compressor of the conditioner: 1 – a bolt of fastening of a roller of a tension semi wedge a belt; 2 – полиwedge a belt of the compressor of the conditioner; 3 – dynamometer a key
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Loosen the a bolt of fastening of a roller of a tension semi wedge a belt of the compressor of the conditioner also remove a belt from pulleys (fig. 18–18).
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Fig. 18–19. Easing of a tension of the basic semi wedge a belt
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Face key turn counter-clockwise the mechanism of a tension of the basic semi wedge a belt therefore the tension will be weakened, fix the tension mechanism in this position by a pin (fig. 18–19) diameter 4 mm and remove a belt from the generator.
Before removal, a chalk, a marker or a paint note a rotation direction semi wedge a belt. If at installation earlier used полиwedge the belt rotates in other party, it will lead to its destruction. Be convinced that полиwedge the belt is correctly located on pulleys.
Unscrew nuts and disconnect wires from conclusions 30/B + and D + the generator (fig. 18–12 see).
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Fig. 18–20. An arrangement of bolts (1 and 2) generator fastenings on cars with six-cylinder diesel engines
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Unscrew bolts of fastening of the generator and remove the generator from the car (fig. 18–20).
Installation
Installation is spent to sequences, return to removal, taking into account the following.
Check up correctness of an arrangement semi wedge a belt on pulleys.
Tighten the right bolt 1 (fig. 18–20 see) fastenings of the generator by the moment 22 Нм and the left bolt 2 moment 45 Нм.
Eight-cylinder petrol engines (3,7 and 4,2)
Removal
Turn away screws and remove the bottom mudguard of a motor compartment.
Disconnect and remove a generator air line.
Unscrew nuts and disconnect wires from conclusions 30/B + and D + the generator (fig. 18–12 see).
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Fig. 18–21. Installation of the adaptation 3204 for tension easing semi wedge a belt on eight-cylinder petrol engines
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Loosen the a tension semi wedge a belt, using adaptations 3204, also remove a belt from the generator (fig. 18–21).
Chalk, marker or paint note a rotation direction semi wedge a belt. If at installation полиwedge the belt rotates in other party, it will lead to its destruction.
Unscrew a nut of the top fastening of the generator, keeping a bolt from проворачивания (fig. 18–17 see). Take the top bolt of fastening of the generator.
Unscrew a bolt 3 (fig. 18–17) the bottom fastening of the generator see and remove the generator.
Installation
Installation is spent to sequences, return to removal, taking into account the following.
Check up correctness of an arrangement semi wedge a belt on pulleys.
Tighten the bottom bolt of fastening of the generator the moment 22 Нм.
Tighten a nut of fastening of the generator the moment 45 Нм.
Tighten nuts of fastening of wires to a conclusion 30/B + the moment 16 Нм, and to a conclusion D + – the moment 4 Нм.
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